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TC Resolution 25-02 Authorizing the Adoption of the 2025 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation PlanA Avon C O L O R A D O RESOLUTION NO.25-02 AUTHORIZING THE ADOPTION OF THE 2025 EAGLE COUNTY HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN WHEREAS, all jurisdictions within Eagle County, Colorado have exposure to natural hazards that increase the risk to life, property, environment, and the County and local economy; and WHEREAS, pro -active mitigation of known hazards before a disaster event can reduce or eliminate long-term risk to life and property; and WHEREAS, the Federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 was signed into law on October 30, 2000, placing new emphasis on state and local mitigation planning for natural hazards and requiring jurisdictions to adopt a hazard mitigation action plan to be eligible for pre -disaster and post -disaster federal funding for mitigation purposes; and WHEREAS, a Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan was prepared by Eagle County, CO, with assistance from JEO Consulting Group, Inc. WHEREAS, the purpose of the mitigation plan was to lessen the effects of disasters by increasing the disaster resistance of the county and participating jurisdictions located within the planning area by identifying the hazards that affect the Town of Avon and prioritize mitigation actions and strategies to reduce potential loss of life and property damage from those hazards, and WHEREAS, FEMA regulations require documentation that the plan has been formally adopted by the governing body of the Town of Avon in the form of a Resolution and further requesting approval of the plan at the Federal Level; and NOW, THEREFORE, the governing body of the Town of Avon does herewith adopt the most recent and FEMA approved version of the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 in its entirety and resolves to execute the actions identified in the Plan that pertain to this jurisdiction. ADOPTED January 28, 2025, by the AVON TOWN COUNCIL By: 12 L Tamra N. Underwood, Mayor Attest: Miguel Jauregui •� �.� E Via. Town Clerk �- . , ate+' '� '� � • Prepared by: ■ I • 1 � JEO CONSULTING GROUP Eagle County Planning Team Name Title Jurisdiction Birch Barron Director of Emergency Management Eagle County Fernando Almanza Deputy Emergency Manager Eagle County *Phil Luebbert Project Coordinator JEO Consulting Group Inc. *Karl Dietrich Planner JEO Consulting Group Inc. *Mark Thompson State Hazard Mitigation Officer Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management *Matthew West Mitigation Planning Supervisor Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management *Served in an advisory or consultant role. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 This Page Is Intentionally Blank Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Table of Contents EagleCounty Planning Team......................................................................................................1 Tableof Contents........................................................................................................................3 Listof Figures.............................................................................................................................5 Listof Tables..............................................................................................................................5 SectionOne: Introduction............................................................................................................7 Hazard Mitigation Planning......................................................................................................7 Hazard Mitigation Assistance..................................................................................................7 Summaryof Changes..............................................................................................................9 Goalsand Objectives..............................................................................................................9 Participating Jurisdictions......................................................................................................10 Section Two: How to Use This Hazard Mitigation Plan..............................................................11 Introduction...........................................................................................................................11 Howto Use This Document...................................................................................................11 Section Three: Planning Area Overview....................................................................................13 Introduction...........................................................................................................................13 Locationand Geography.......................................................................................................13 Demographics.......................................................................................................................13 Housing.................................................................................................................................16 Employmentand Economics.................................................................................................18 Section Four: Planning Process Summary................................................................................19 Introduction...........................................................................................................................19 PlanUpdate Process.............................................................................................................19 Stakeholder and Public Involvement......................................................................................21 Section Five: Risk Assessment Summary.................................................................................23 Introduction...........................................................................................................................23 HazardIdentification..............................................................................................................23 Hazard Assessment Summary Tables...................................................................................25 FEMANational Risk Index.....................................................................................................29 Historical Disaster Declarations.............................................................................................29 HazardProfiles......................................................................................................................31 Section Six: Mitigation Strategy.................................................................................................35 Introduction...........................................................................................................................35 Summaryof Changes............................................................................................................35 Selected Mitigation and Strategic Actions..............................................................................35 Participant Mitigation Actions.................................................................................................36 Section Seven: Plan Implementation and Maintenance............................................................37 Monitoring, Evaluating, and Updating the Plan......................................................................37 Continued Public Involvement...............................................................................................38 Unforeseen Opportunities......................................................................................................38 Incorporation into Existing Planning Mechanisms..................................................................38 Section Eight: Participant Profiles.............................................................................................41 Purpose of Participant Profiles..............................................................................................41 Participant Profile Appendices Eaale Countv and Communitv Aooendix Eagle County Town of Avon Town of Basalt* Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 3 Table of Contents Town of Eagle Town of Gypsum Town of Minturn Town of Red Cliff Town of Vail Special Distristricts Appendix Basalt Library District Basalt Sanitation District Berry Creek Metro District Cordillera Metro District Eagle County Paramedic Services Eagle County School District Eagle River Fire Protection District Eagle River Water & Sanitation District Eagle Vail Metropolitan District Eagle Valley Library District Eagle Valley Transportation Authority Greater Eagle Fire Protection District Gypsum Fire Protection District Mountain Recreation Metropolitan District Roaring Fork Fire Rescue Authority Vail Recreation District Appendix A: Full Risk Assessment Appendix B: Planning Process Documentation Appendix C: Planning Area Profile Appendix D: Mitigation Strategy Appendix E: Hazard Mitigation Project Funding Guidebook Appendix F: Guide to Review and Update the Hazard Mitigation Plan ADgendix G: Eagle Countv Communitv Wildfire Protection Plan 'Participated in the Pitkin County Hazard Mitigation Plan' 1 Pitkin County. April 2023. "Pitkin County Hazard Mitigation Plan". https://Pitkincounty.com/DocumentCenterNiew/31286/Pitkin- County-Hazard-Mitigation-Plan-2023. 4 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 List of Figures Figure 1: County Population, 1890-2020....................................................................................................13 Figure 2: Eagle County Planning Area........................................................................................................ 14 Figure 3: Population by Age Cohort and Sex (2020).................................................................................. 15 Figure 4: Housing Age in Eagle County...................................................................................................... 17 Figure5: Project Timeline........................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 6: First Responders at an Emergency Incident............................................................................... 39 List of Tables Table 1: 2019 Plan Comments and Revisions............................................................................ 9 Table 2: Participating Jurisdictions............................................................................................10 Table3: School Inventory .........................................................................................................15 Table 4: County Inventory of Care Facilities..............................................................................16 Table 5: County & State ESL and Poverty At -Risk Populations.................................................16 Table 6: County Racial Composition Trends.............................................................................16 Table 7: County Housing Characteristics..................................................................................16 Table 8: Vulnerable County & State Housing Characteristics....................................................17 Table 9: Vulnerable Employment & Economic Characteristics..................................................18 Table 10: Hazards Addressed in the Plan.................................................................................23 Table 11: Loss Estimation for Eagle County..............................................................................26 Table 12: County Risk Assessment...........................................................................................27 Table 13: National Risk Index...................................................................................................29 Table 14: Presidential Disaster Declarations.............................................................................29 Table 15: USDA Secretarial Disasters (2012-2023)..................................................................30 Table 16: State Emergency Declarations..................................................................................30 Table 17: Prioritized Hazards of Concern by Jurisdiction..........................................................31 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 5 This Page Is Intentionally Blank Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section One: Introduction Hazard mitigation planning is a process in which hazards are identified and profiled; people and facilities at -risk are identified and assessed for threats and potential vulnerabilities; and strategies and mitigation measures are identified. Hazard mitigation planning increases the ability of communities and other governmental entities to effectively function in the face of natural disasters. The goal of the process is to reduce risk and vulnerability, in order to lessen impacts on life, the economy, and infrastructure. Severe weather and hazardous events are occurring more frequently in our daily lives. Pursuing mitigation strategies reduces risk and is socially and economically responsible to prevent long- term risks from natural and human -caused hazard events. Hazards, such as severe winter weather, avalanche, severe wind, intentional attacks, landslides, floods, lightning, and wildfires are part of the world around us. These hazard events can occur as a part of normal operation or because of human error. All jurisdictions participating in this planning process are vulnerable to a wide range of hazards that threaten the safety of residents and have the potential to damage or destroy both public and private property, cause environmental degradation, or disrupt the local economy and overall quality of life. This plan is an update to the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan approved in 2019. The plan update was developed in compliance with the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000). By preparing this plan, Eagle County has demonstrated a commitment to reducing risks from hazards and to helping decision makers establish mitigation activities and resources. Hazard Mitigation On June 1, 2009, FEMA initiated the Hazard Mitigation Assistance program integration, which aligned certain policies and timelines of the various mitigation programs. These Hazard Mitigation Assistance programs present a critical opportunity to minimize the risk to individuals and property from hazards while simultaneously reducing the reliance on federal disaster funds. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 7 Section One I Introduction Each Hazard Mitigation Assistance program was authorized by separate legislative actions, and as such, each program differs slightly in scope and intent. Hazard Mitigation Grant Program: To qualify for post -disaster mitigation funds, local jurisdictions must adopt a mitigation plan that is approved by FEMA. Hazard Mitigation Grant Program provides funds to states, territories, Indian tribal governments, local governments, and eligible private non -profits following a presidential disaster declaration. The DMA 2000 authorizes up to seven percent of Hazard Mitigation Grant Program funds available to a state after a disaster to be used for the development or update of state, tribal, and local mitigation plans. • Flood Mitigation Assistance: This program provides grant funds to implement projects such as acquisition or elevation of flood -prone homes. Jurisdictions must be participating communities in the National Flood Insurance Program to qualify for this grant. The goal of Flood Mitigation Assistance is to reduce or eliminate claims under the National Flood Insurance Program. • Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities: This program replaced the Pre - Disaster Mitigation Program beginning in 2020 and provides funds on an annual allocation basis to local jurisdictions for implementing programs and projects to improve resiliency and local capacity before disaster events. • Pre -Disaster Mitigation: The Pre -Disaster Mitigation grant program makes federal funds available to state, local, tribal, and territorial governments to implement measures designed to reduce the risk to individuals and property from future natural hazards. The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2023 authorizes funding for 100 projects with total funds of $233,043,782 in 2023. • Fire Mitigation Assistance Grants: Section 404 of the Stafford Act allows FEMA to provide Hazard Mitigation Grant Program grants to any area that received a Fire Management Assistance Grant declaration even if no major Presidential declaration was made. Fire Mitigation Assistance Grants aids communities in implementing long-term mitigation measures after a wildfire event. For more information about these grant programs and other funding opportunities to help implement identified mitigation actions see Appendix E: Hazard Mitigation Project Fundinq Guidebook. 8 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section One I Introduction The hazard mitigation planning process goes through changes during each plan update to best accommodate the planning area and specific conditions. Changes from the 2019 Hazard Mitigation Plan and planning process in this update included: an updated plan layout, greater efforts to reach and include stakeholder groups, greater effort to include all taxing authorities as participants; a more in-depth funding guidebook; and changes to meet updated FEMA hazard mitigation plan policies. The plan was also updated to reflect changing priorities for each participating jurisdiction. Prioritized hazards of concern were identified by each local planning team along with a review of mitigation actions. Each local planning team reviewed the mitigation actions from 2019 and updated the timeline, priority (high, medium, low), and status. Local planning teams were also able to add new mitigation actions to better fit any changing priorities and concerns. The 2019 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan Review Tool was reviewed for possible changes to incorporate into this plan update and were addressed where applicable. These changes are described in the table below. Table 1: 2019 Plan Comments and Revisions Consider utilizing GIS data of hazards, people, Participant and structures during the annual review Profile, GIS data and maps were added and process to simplify the exposure and Appendix A: included throughout the plan when vulnerability update in the next plan. Full Risk data was available. The potential for disaster losses and the probability of occurrence of natural and human -caused hazards present a significant concern for the jurisdictions participating in this plan. The driving motivation behind this hazard mitigation plan is to reduce vulnerability and the likelihood of impacts to the health, safety, and welfare of all citizens in the planning area. To this end, the Eagle County Planning Team reviewed and approved goals which helped guide the process of identifying both broad -based and jurisdictional -specific mitigation strategies and projects that will, if implemented, reduce their vulnerability, and help build stronger, more resilient communities. Goals from the 2019 hazard mitigation plan were reviewed, and the Eagle County Planning Team agreed that they are still relevant and applicable for this plan update. The updated goals and objectives for this plan update are as follows. Goal 1: Protect Life, Property, and the Environment by Reducing the Impact of Natural and Human -Caused Hazards in Eagle County Objectives A. Enhance assessment of multi -hazard risk to life, property, and the environment to identify areas within Eagle County that are at particular risk from catastrophic loss due to wildfires, floods, avalanches, and other hazards. B. Develop and implement action plans to reduce potential loss of life, property, critical infrastructure, and valued resources while protecting the safety of the public and emergency responders. C. Provide framework for implementation and management of mitigation actions identified by this plan. D. Increase public education and awareness of hazards and risk reduction measures. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 9 Section One I Introduction Goal 2: Minimize Economic Losses and Speed Recovery and Redevelopment Following Future Disaster Events Obiectives A. Strengthen disaster resiliency of governments, businesses, and community members. B. Promote and conduct continuity of operations and continuity of governance planning. C. Reduce financial exposure of the county, municipal governments, and fire protection districts. Goal 3: Implement the Mitigation Actions Identified in this Plan Objectives A. Engage collaborative partners, community organizations, businesses, and others. B. Commit to hazard mitigation principles and integrate mitigation activities into existing and new community plans and policies. C. Comply with federal and state legislation and guidance for local hazard mitigation planning. D. Proactively prepare to minimize secondary hazards associated with expected events. E. Monitor, evaluate, and update the mitigation plan on an annual basis and modify plans, as necessary. Jurisdictions that participated in the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan are listed in the table below. These jurisdictions met all the requirements for participation by attending required meetings, assisting in data collection, identifying mitigation actions, reviewing plan drafts, and either adopting the plan by resolution or planning to adopt the plan by resolution. Table 2: ParticiL3atinq Jurisdictions Participating Eagle County Eagle Count Paramedic Services Town of Avon Eagle County School District Town of Basalt* Eagle River Fire Protection District Town of Eagle Eagle River Water & Sanitation District Town of Gypsum Eagle Vail Metropolitan District Town of Minturn Eagle Valley Library District Town of Red Cliff Eagle Valley Transportation Authority Town of Vail Greater Eagle Fire Protection District Basalt Library District Gypsum Fire Protection District Basalt Sanitation District Mountain Recreation Metropolitan District Berry Creek Metro District Roaring Fork Fire Rescue Authority Cordillera Metro District Vail Recreation District 'Participates in the Pitkin County Hazard Mitigation Plan' 2 Pitkin County. April 2023. "Pitkin County Hazard Mitigation Plan". htti)s://pitkincounty.com/DocumentCenterNiew/31286/Pitkin- County-Hazard-Mitigation-Plan-2023. 10 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Two: How to Use This Hazard Mitigation Plan Introduction This hazard mitigation plan was developed for anyone that lives, works, owns a business, owns land, or visits Eagle County. Different sections of the plan will be helpful to different people. This section is designed to help guide readers to the most relevant information. Jurisdiction that Participated in the Plan I am a governing official from a participating jurisdiction and want to learn more about the hazards that could impact my jurisdiction, identify strategies to reduce vulnerability to those hazards, how to secure funding for those strategies, and how to keep the plan up to date. I would review: • Section Three Planning Area Overview and Appendix C Planning Area Profile: To learn about demographics, at -risk populations, housing, employment, economics, social vulnerability, rural capacity index, state and federal areas, and historical sites. • Section Five Risk Assessment Summary and Appendix A Full Risk Assessment: To learn about the hazards that could impact Eagle County, where those hazards are likely to occur, how often they are likely to occur, the possible extent of the hazards, how climate change will impact the hazards, and countywide vulnerabilities. • Section Six Plan Implementation and Maintenance and Appendix F Guide to Review and Update the Hazard Mitigation Plan: To learn about plan maintenance and how to update your participant section. • Section Eight Plan Participant Profiles: To learn jurisdictional specific information about Eagle County, local communities, and other local jurisdictions. Each participant section contains information about prioritized hazards, infrastructure critical to community lifelines, and mitigation strategies. • Appendix E Hazard Mitigation Funding Guidebook: To learn about various federal, state, and other funding sources to help pay for identified mitigation strategies. Resident, Landowner, Visitor, or Business I am a resident, landowner, visitor, or business and want to learn about Eagle County/my community, protecting my family, home, and property from natural and human -caused hazards. would review: • Section Three Planning Area Overview and Appendix C Planning Area Profile: To learn about demographics, at -risk populations, housing, employment, economics, social vulnerability, rural capacity index, state and federal areas, and historical sites. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 11 Section Two I How to Use This Hazard Mitigation Plan • Section Five Risk Assessment Summary and Appendix A Full Risk Assessment: To learn about the hazards that could impact Eagle County, where those hazards are likely to occur, how often they are likely to occur, the possible extent of the hazards, how climate change will impact the hazards, and countywide vulnerabilities. • Section Seven Plan Implementation and Maintenance: To learn jurisdictional specific information about Eagle County, local communities, and other local jurisdictions. Each participant section contains information about prioritized hazards, infrastructure critical to community lifelines, and mitigation strategies. State or Federal Agency I am with a state or federal agency and want to learn more about the planning process, hazard risks, and mitigation strategies across all jurisdictions in Eagle County. I would review: • Section One Introduction: To learn about the goals and objectives of the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan. • Section Three Planning Area Overview and Appendix C Planning Area Profile: To learn about demographics, at -risk populations, housing, employment, economics, social vulnerability, rural capacity index, state and federal areas, and historical sites. • Section Four Planning Process Summary and Appendix B Planning Process Documentation: To learn about the planning process, who attended meetings, and who was invited to participate. • Section Five Risk Assessment Summary and Appendix A Full Risk Assessment: To learn about the hazards that could impact Eagle County, where those hazards are likely to occur, how often they are likely to occur, the possible extent of the hazards, how climate change will impact the hazards, and countywide vulnerabilities. • Appendix D Mitigation Strategy: To learn about the mitigation strategies identified by each participating jurisdiction. 12 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Three: Planning Area Overview 'introduction To identify jurisdictional vulnerabilities, it is vitally important to understand the people and built environment of the planning area. The following section provides a summary of Eagle County's characteristics. A more detailed profile broken down by community is covered in Appendix C: Planning Area Profile, including demographics, at -risk populations, employment, economics, and housing. Eagle County is located in the Rocky Mountains of northwestern Colorado. The county covers 1,692 square miles and elevation ranges from 6,128 feet to 14,011 feet above sea level. The White River National Forest covers a large portion of the eastern and southern portions of the county. There are seven incorporated communities in Eagle County: Town of Avon, Town of Basalt, Town of Eagle, Town of Gypsum, Town of Minturn, Town of Red Cliff, and the Town of Vail. Major transportation routes include Interstate 70, U.S. Highway 6, U.S. Highway 24, State Highway 82, and State Highway 131. Major waterways in the district include the Colorado River, Eagle River, Piney River, Gypsum Creek, Brush Creek, Derby Creek, Rock Creek, Alkali Creek, and Gore Creek. Figure 2 shows Eagle County, incorporated communities, major transportation routes, major waterways, and location within the state. Demographics The U.S. Census Bureau collects specific demographic information for Eagle County. The estimated population of the planning area is 55,731.1 Figure 1: County Population, 1890-2020 60,000 55,731 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 3 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Source: U.S. Census Bureau' 3 United States Census Bureau. "2020 Census Bureau Decennial Census: P1: Race." https://data.census.00v/. 4 United States Census Bureau. "2020 Census Bureau Decennial Census: P1: Race." httpsiHdata.census.gov/. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 13 Section Three I Planning Area Overview Figure 2: Eagle County Planning Area GarfieldAL. County Routt County Grand County y e �BGyC eo4' ' A !3t @y�P Summit County P L� w Gypsum �Tv Eagle Avon Vail li r,.:�' FaNieR B r�u'QQV� v U y =, Minturn �a4 Red Cliff 24 Thl137 Basalt Fryel9Pan Rr�er R�eai q V6keWo1u'nty Pitkin County A Legend Railroad Q Town Boundaries Highways Eagle County — Rivers and Streams 0 Counties Created By: KD Edited By: AK Da Da": 11Of102J Soflwaro: AmGIS Pro Eagle County Pile: Eagle County Maps.apra Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2025 15"0 9.DDD Peel 14 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Three I Planning Area Overview Over 85 80 to 84 75 to 79 70 to 74 65 to 69 60 to 64 55 to 59 50 to 54 45 to 49 } 40 to 44 35 to 39 30 to 34 25 to 29 20 to 24 15 to 19 10 to 14 5to9 Under 5 Figure 3: Population by Age Cohort and Sex (2020) w Female % ■ Male % 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Percentage of the Population Source. U.S. Census Bureaus Community and regional vulnerability are impacted by growing or declining populations. Areas growing quickly may lack resources to provide services for all residents in a reasonable timeframe including snow removal, emergency storm shelters, repairs to damaged infrastructure, or even tracking the location of vulnerable populations. Eagle County has displayed large population growth since 1970. However, growth has slowed in 2010 and 2020. Additional population information broken down by community can be found in Appendix C: Planning Area Profile. In general, certain populations may have increased vulnerability due to difficulty with medical issues, extremes in age, and communication issues due to language barriers. Several at -risk populations have been identified in Eagle County. These include: • Schools • Care Facilities • Populations That Speak English as a Second Language • Racial Minorities The tables on the next page list the at -risk populations in Eagle County. For additional information about at -risk populations see Appendix C: Planning Area Profile. Table 3: School Invento 5 United States Census Bureau. "2020 Census Bureau Decennial Census: P1: Race." https://data.census.00v/. 6 Colorado Department of Education. September 2023. "PK-12 Membership Trend by District." htti)s://www.cde.state.co.us/cdereval/pupilcurrent. 7 Colorado Department of Education. September 2023. "Count of Teachers by District, Ethnicity and Gender." https://www.cde.state.co. us/cderevaI/pupilcurrent. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 15 Section Three I Planning Area Overview fable 4: County InventoN of Care Facilities Hospitals. 1 1 1 nurr . Colorado Denarfment of Puhlir. Health and Environments Table 5: County & State ESL and Povertv At -Risk Populations Eagle County 1 25.8% State of Colorado I 16.3% Source: U.S. Census Bureaus Table 6: Coun Racial Composition Trends 2010 2010 Race Number % of Total Number %of Total Change White, Not Hispanic 43,428 83.2% 45,334 81.4% -1.8% Black 365 0.7% 501 0.9% 0.2% American Indian and Alaskan 365 0.7% 56 0.1 % -0.6% Native Asian 522 1.0% 779 1.4% 0.4% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific 0 0.0% 56 0.1 % 0.1 % Islander Other Races 6,421 12.3% 2,061 3.7% -8.6% Two or More Races 1,096 2.1% 6,906 12.4% 10.3% Total Population 52,197 - 55,694 - I - Source. U.S. Census Bureau The U.S. Census Bureau provides information related to housing units and potential areas of vulnerability. Potentially vulnerable housing characteristics include vacant housing, rental properties, mobile homes, older housing, those with no internet, and homes with no vehicles available. The tables below show vulnerable housing characteristics in Eagle County. Additional housing information broken down by community can be found in Appendix C: Planninq Area Profile. Table 7: Source: U.S. Census Bureau 8 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. 2023. 'Regulated Health Facilities". https://cdl)he.colorado.gov/find-and- compare-facilities. 9 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: S1601: Language Spoken at Home." https://data.census.gov/. 10 United States Census Bureau. "2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171): P1: Race." https://data.census.gov. 11 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: DP05: ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates." https://data.census.gov/. 12 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics." https://data.census.gov/. 16 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Three I Planning Area Overview Table 8: Vulnerable County & State Housing Characteristics Housing Characteristics Occupied Housing Units Eagle County 19,5111 59.8 /0 State of Colorado 2,227,932 90.8 Lacking Complete Plumbing Facilities 0.1 % 0.3% Lacking Complete Kitchen Facilities 0.5% 0.7% No Telephone Service Available 1.0% 1.0% Broadband Internet Subscription 95.1 % 90.9% No Vehicles Available 3.4% 5.0% Mobile Homes 5.9% 3.8% Source: U.S. Census Bureau13 11 35 tit v, 'c rn 25 c Cn 0 20 0 0 a� 15 rn m c 10 m a. Figure 4: Housing Age in Eagle County 2.1 _ 0.6 0.8 win F 47 Pre 1940 1940-19491950-19591960-19691970-19791980-19891990-19992000-20092010-2020 Year Built Source: U.S. Census Bureau15 Housing Crisis Eagle County is a highly desirable area to visit and live in, with premier ski resorts and abundant public land for recreation. However, the cost of housing in Eagle County has increased dramatically over the last decade because of low interest rates on secondary properties and increases in short-term rental properties. The lack of available and affordable workforce housing has caused many employers to have unfilled positions. Those working in Eagle County often have to pay high rents, work multiple jobs, or commute into the county from other areas.16 13 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics." https://data.census.aov/. 14 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: DP02: Selected Social Characteristics in the United States." https://data.census.00v/. 15 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: DP04: Selected Housing Characteristics". https://data.census.gov/. 16 Eagle County. December 2023. "Eagle County Community Wildfire Protection Plan". https://csfs.colostate.edu/wp- content/uploads/2023/12/Community Wildfire Protection Plan-ECFinal.pdf. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 17 Section Three I Planning Area Overview The U.S. Census Bureau provides information related to employment and economic indicators. Low-income populations and the unemployed may be more vulnerable to certain hazards like flooding and severe winter weather. Additional employment and economic information broken down by community can be found in Appendix C: Planning Area Profile. Table 9: Vulnerable Employment & Economic Characteristics Employment Characteristics .. Percent of People Living Below the 9.2% 9.6% Povertv Line Median Household Income $91,338 $80,184 Unemployment Rate 3.9% 4.6% Source: U.S. Census Bureau" 17 United States Census Bureau. "2021 Census Bureau American Community Survey: DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics." httos://data. census.gov/. 18 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 n ti r m N U7: Introduction FEMA Planning Process Requirements Requirement §201.6(b): Planning process. An open public involvement process is essential to the development of an effective plan. In order to develop a more comprehensive approach to reducing the effects of natural disasters, the planning process shall include: (1) An opportunity for the public to comment on the plan during the drafting stage and prior to plan approval; (2) An opportunity for neighboring communities, local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities, and agencies that have the authority to regulate development, as well as businesses, academia, and other private and non-profit interests to be involved in the planning process; and (3) Review and incorporation, if appropriate, of existing plans, studies, reports, and technical information. Requirement §201.6(c)(1): The plan shall document the planning process used to develop the plan, including how it was prepared, who was involved in the process, and how the public was involved. Plan Llodate Process Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb April May Public Project Round 1 Round 2 Review Plan - PlanrAp'pimvall Kick-off Meetings Meetings Period & Submission to Expiration Local OHSEM/FEMA' Adoption Section Four I Planning Process Summary To be a participant in the development of this plan update, jurisdictions were required to have, at a minimum, one representative present at the Round 1 or Round 2 meetings, view meeting recordings, or attend a follow-up meeting with either JEO Consulting Group, Inc., or Eagle County. Round 1 Meetings: Hazard Identification & Plan Integration The intent of the Round 1 Meeting was to familiarize jurisdictional representatives (i.e., the local planning teams), stakeholders, and the public with the plan update process, expected actions for the coming months, the responsibilities of being a participant, and to collect preliminary information to update the plan. After the meeting, the attendees conducted risk and vulnerability assessments based on local capabilities, previous occurrences of hazards, and potential exposure. In addition, local planning team members evaluated potential integration of the hazard mitigation plan alongside other local planning mechanisms. The Round 1 Meeting was held as a hybrid meeting where participants, stakeholders, and the public could either join in -person or online via Google Meets. The meeting was held on Monday October 2, 2023, at the Eagle County Building Emergency Operations Center from 10:OOam to 11:30am. Virtual and in -person sign -in sheets can be found in Appendix B: Planning Process Documentation. Round 2 Meetings: Mitigation Strategies, National Flood Insurance Program, & Plan Maintenance Round 2 information was designed to identify and prioritize new mitigation measures, update previous mitigation actions from the 2019 hazard mitigation plan, update National Flood Insurance Program information, and identify when the plan would be reviewed and by whom. Attendees were also asked to review the information collected from the Round 1 meeting related to their jurisdiction through this planning process for accuracy. The Round 2 Meeting was held as a hybrid meeting where participants, stakeholders, and the public could either join in -person or online via Google Meets. The meeting was held on Wednesday January 17, 2024, at the Eagle County Building Emergency Operations Center from 10:30am to 11:30am. Virtual and in -person sign -in sheets can be found in Appendix 8: Planning Process Documentation. Public Review Once the hazard mitigation plan draft was completed, a public review period was opened to allow local planning teams and community members at large to review the plan, provide comments, and request changes. The public review period was open from February 28, 2024, through March 13, 2024. Participating jurisdictions were emailed a notification of this public review period. A link to the draft plan was also made available on the county's website (httr)s://www.eaglecounty.us/departments services/emergency management/emergency pla ns.php and a Facebook post was made to the Eagle County Public Information Office page. Jurisdictions and the public could provide comments via phone call or email. A review of the comments and who they were from can be found in Appendix B: Planning Process Documentation. All changes and comments were reviewed and incorporated into the plan as applicable. Plan Adoption Based on FEMA requirements, this multi -jurisdictional hazard mitigation plan must be formally adopted by each participant through approval of a resolution. This approval will create individual ownership of the plan by each participant. Formal adoption provides evidence of a participant's 20 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Four I Planning Process Summary full commitment to implement the plan's goals, objectives, and action items. A copy of the resolution draft provided to participating jurisdictions is located in Appendix B. Planninq Process Documentation along with any copies of adoption resolutions that have already been received. To notify and engage the public in the planning process, a wide range of stakeholder groups, State of Colorado agencies, neighboring jurisdictions, and the general public were contacted and encouraged to participate in the plan update. Lists of the notified stakeholders, agencies, and neighboring jurisdictions can be found in Appendix B: Planning Process Documentation. The Eagle County Planning Team was asked to identify any underserved communities or vulnerable populations in the planning area not already identified, so they could have the opportunity to be involved in the planning process. The planning team identified individuals and families where Spanish is the primary language spoken. To include this group, the public survey was made available in Spanish, and the project website was also made available in Spanish. Stakeholder Groups There were 37 stakeholder groups that were identified and emailed invitations to participate in the planning process by attending meetings. Climax Molybdenum, Vail Mountain School, Stone Creek Charter School, Arrowhead Metro District, Lake Creek Metro District, Reudi Shores Metro District, Timber Springs Metro, Holland Creek Metro District, Red Sky Ranch Metro District, Two Rivers Metro District, Bachelor Gulch Metro District, and Buckhorn Valley Metro District attended meetings. Vail Mountain School returned information about their prioritized hazards of concern. Those hazards and reasons they were selected as a prioritized hazard are given below. • Avalanche: Vail Mountain School is concerned with avalanches because they threaten backcountry school programming and experiential education, risk of injury to students and staff, blocked transportation routes, and damage to the school building. • Drought: Direct impacts on the school are unlikely, however, drought can have a large impact on the local ski and recreation economy. This can have a trickle -down effect on the school budget and student population. Drought also increases the likelihood of wildfires. • Landslides: Vail Mountain School is concerned with landslides because of the risk of injury to students and staff, blocked transportation routes, disruption of services, and damage to the school building. • Severe Winter Weather: Vail Mountain School is concerned with severe winter weather's ability to cause injuries, blocked transportation routes, and disruption of services. The school is often interrupted when severe weather closes Interstate 70. • Wildfire: Vail Mountain School is concerned with a wildfire impacting families causing them to leave the area. Wildfire could also damage the school and cause a long-term disruption in operations and school programming. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 21 Section Four I Planning Process Summary Vulnerable Populations Through discussions with Eagle County Emergency Management, those who primarily speak Spanish, were identified as a potential vulnerable population in the county. Targeted outreach to this population included a project announcement on the county website in Spanish and the public survey available in Spanish. The Spanish Public Survey was posted on the Eagle County Public Safety Information and Eagle County Emergency Management website, the Family Resource Center Facebook page, the Mi Salud and Mi Charco Facebook pages, and a WhatsApp group of 166 Spanish speakers in Eagle County. Copies of the postings can be found in Appendix 8: Planning Process Documentation. Survey results from the Spanish survey were added to the overall public survey responses and given to Eagle County Emergency Management. State of Colorado Agencies To comply with the additional State of Colorado plan requirements various state agencies were contacted and emailed invitations to participate in the planning process by attending meetings or reviewing the draft plan. Representatives from Colorado Department of Transportation, Colorado Department of Natural Resources, and Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management attended the public meetings. Neighboring Jurisdictions Neighboring jurisdictions were notified and invited to participate in the planning process by attending meetings. A representative from Summit County and the City of Leadville attended the Round 1 Meeting. No comments or revisions were received from any neighboring jurisdictions. Public Survey The general public was encouraged to participate in the planning process through a public survey that was available online and by hard copy in both English and Spanish. The survey was shared with the public using the county's website, social media posts, and direct contacts. Copies of the survey along with outreach documentation can be found in Appendix 8: Planning Process Documentation. The purpose of the survey was to collect specific concerns related to hazards and projects the public have a vested interest in. It was available beginning after the Round 1 meeting and closed a week prior to the Round 2 meeting. In total there were 92 responses to the survey from members of the public with a majority (40/92) coming from the Town of Gypsum. Results of the public survey were shared with participating jurisdictions during the Round 2 meeting. These results helped influence hazard prioritization and mitigation actions selected by local planning teams. The public survey could also be used by participating jurisdictions to determine needed capabilities and future outreach preferences. The most commonly experienced hazard events for residents included wildfire, severe winter weather, and lightning. This was similar to the ranked level of concern for hazard events, with one major difference, drought. The top hazards of concern included: wildfire, drought, and severe winter weather. Wildfire fuels reduction and early warning systems were the most popular mitigation projects of importance for the public. The full results of the public survey can be found in Appendix 8: Planning Process Documentation. 22 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Five: Risk Assessment Summary The ultimate purpose of this hazard mitigation plan is to minimize the loss of life and property across Eagle County due to natural and human -caused hazards. The basis for the planning process is the county and local risk assessment. This section contains a summary of potential hazards, county vulnerabilities and exposures, probability of future occurrences, and potential impacts and losses. By conducting a county and local risk assessment, participating jurisdictions can develop specific strategies to address areas of concern identified through this process. This section is meant to provide a summary of the risk assessment for Eagle County. The full risk assessment can be found in Appendix A: Full Risk Assessment. The identification of relevant hazards for Eagle County began with a review of the Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028. The Eagle County Planning Team reviewed, discussed, and determined the list of hazards to be profiled in this hazard mitigation plan update. It was decided that the hazards addressed in the 2019 Hazard Mitigation Plan were still applicable and would be used for this plan update. Two hazards were added to the plan: intentional attack and transportation incidents. The hazards for which a risk assessment was completed are listed below. Table 10: Hazards Addressed in the Plan Hazards identified in the Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 - 2028 that were not identified in the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan update include the following list.'$ • Animal Disease Outbreak • Earthquake • Erosion / Deposition • Expansive Soils • Extreme Heat • Ground Subsidence • Hail • Pandemic • Pest Infestation • Tornado 18 Colorado Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management. 2023. "Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028". https://drive.google.com/file/d/lMPLOOiv-yZYDIMziTvYkRl2s35FzG-G8/view. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 23 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary These hazards were reviewed by Eagle County and the participating jurisdictions and were chosen to not be included in this plan due to a variety of reasons. Specific reasons for omission are discussed by hazard below. Animal Disease Outbreak Animal agriculture is not a large portion of Eagle County's local economy. In the 2022 Census of Agriculture, the county ranks 47 out of 63 Colorado counties in livestock products sold. Eagle County and the local planning teams felt that this hazard was of very low concern and did not need to be profiled in the hazard mitigation plan. Earthquake Earthquakes were not profiled in this plan due to minimal historical incidents and low magnitudes. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, there have been eight earthquakes in Eagle County since 1900.19 These earthquakes had an average magnitude of 2.3 on the Richter Scale with the largest being 3.4. Earthquakes at this magnitude have no potential damage.20 Erosion / Deposition Erosion and deposition can come from several sources including water, wind, waves, or moving ice. The most common way this occurs in Colorado is water and wind. As outlined in the Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028, wind deposits for Eagle County are low at between 6.3%-17.9%.21 Erosion and deposition from water is addressed in the Floods risk assessment of this plan. Erosion / Deposition is not specifically profiled in this hazard mitigation plan because of these reasons. Expansive Soils Expansive soils are not profiled in this plan due to several reasons. In the Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028, the amount of Eagle County land covered by expansive soils is low at between 1%-8.28%.22 In discussion with the planning team, there have been no notable past events or damages from expansive soils. Extreme Heat Due to the high elevation of Eagle County, extreme heat is not a concern for the planning team. Historical temperature data shows average highs in the summer between 70°F and 80*F.21 Average monthly high temperature has only been over 80OF three times since 1895. Because of this, extreme heat has not been profiled in this plan. Ground Subsidence Ground subsidence risk for Eagle County is low according to the planning team. According to the Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028, the percentage of ground subsidence areas in the county is between 9.87% and 28.6%.24 While there has been a history of 19 U.S. Geological Survey. 2024. "Earthquake Catalog". hftps:Hearthguake.usgs.ciov/earthquakes/search/. 20 U.S. Geological Survey. 2024. "Earthquake Magnitude, Energy Release, and Shaking Intensity". https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/earthquake-magnitude-energy-release-and-shaking-intensitv. 21 Colorado Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management. 2023. "Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028". htti)s:Hdrive.google.com/file/d/lMPLOOiv-YZYDIMziTvYkRl2s35FzG-G8/view. 22 Colorado Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management. 2023. "Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028". httr)s://drive.google.com/file/d/lMPLOOiv-YZYDIMziTvYkRl2s35FzG-G8/view. 23 National Centers for Environmental Information. April 2024. "Climate at a Glance County Time Series". httys://www. ncei. noaa. gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-g lance/county/time-series/CO-037/tmax/ 1 /0/1895- 2024?base prd=true&begbasevear=1901&endbasevear=2024. 24 Colorado Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management. 2023. "Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028". htti)s:Hdrive.google.com/file/d/lMPLOOiv-vZYDIMziTvYkR12s35FzG-G8/view. 24 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary ground subsidence events in Eagle County, this has been mostly taken care of by local building codes and development regulations. The Planning Team could not identify any further mitigation actions so this hazard will not be specifically profiled in the plan. Hail Hail has rarely occurred in Eagle County in the past. Since 1996, National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) data has reported two hail events in Eagle County. Both hail events were sized at 0.75 inches and did not cause any reported damage.25 Due to the lack of historical events, the likelihood of future occurrences is low and therefore this hazard has not been profiled in this plan. MIN MEMO As shown by the most recent Covid-19 Pandemic, a disease outbreak pandemic can occur in any location and have a large impact on people and the local economy. However, in discussions with the planning team, it was decided that the Pandemic hazard would not be profiled in this hazard mitigation plan. The planning team felt this hazard would be better addressed in plans created by the state and local health department. Pest Infestation Eagle County's primary concern regarding pest infestation is tree kill leading to increased wildfire risk. Both the Western Balsam Bark Beetle and the Western Spruce Budworm are active in the county and can kill fir and spruce trees.26 Pests impacting wildfire risk is discussed in the wildfire risk assessment. Because of this, pest infestation will not be individually profiled in this plan. Tornado Tornadoes have very rarely occurred in Eagle County in the past. Since 1996, NCEI data reported one tornado event in Eagle County. This tornado was an FO and did not result in any damage. Due to the lack of historical events, this hazard has not been profiled in this plan. The following table provides an overview of the data contained in the hazard profiles. This table is intended to be a quick reference for people using the plan. There are five main pieces of data used within these tables. Property and Crop Damage in Dollars: This is the total dollar amount of all property damage and crop damage as recorded in federal, state, and local data sources. The limitation to these data sources is that dollar figures usually are estimates and often do not include all damages from every event, but only officially recorded damages from reported events. • Total Years of Record: This is the span of years there is data available for recorded events. • Number of Hazard Events: This shows how often an event occurs. The frequency of a hazard event will affect how a community responds. Severe winter weather may not cause 25 National Centers for Environmental Information. May 2023. "Storm Events Database". https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/choosedates. isp?statefips=8%2CCOLORADO. 26 Colorado State Forest Service. 2023. "Current Insect & Disease Activity in Colorado." https://csfs.colostate.edu/forest- management/common-forest-insects-diseases/. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 25 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary much damage each time, but multiple storms can have an incremental effect on housing and utilities. In contrast, severe wind can have a widespread effect on a community. • Annual probability: This can be calculated based on the total years of record and the total number of years in which an event occurred. An example of the annual probability estimate is found below: Annual Probability (%) _ Total Years with an Event Occuring (#) Total Years of Record (#) x 100 The following table provides loss estimates for hazards with sufficient data. Detailed descriptions of major events are included in Appendix A: Full Risk Assessment and Section Eight: Participant Profiles. It should be noted that NCEI data are not all inclusive and the database provides very limited information on crop losses. To provide a better picture of the crop losses associated with the hazards within Eagle County, crop loss information provided by the Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States (SHELDUS) was utilized for this update of the plan. Data for all the hazards are not always available, so only those with an available dataset are included in the loss estimation. Table 11: Loss Estimation for Eagle County Type Avalanche" Number of Events 14 PropertyHazard D. N/A .. Damage 2 N/A Droughts 551 out of 1,545 Months $0 $943,396 Floods Flash Flood' 22 $727,500 $172,414 Flood' 10 $3,240,000 Dam Failure 4 N/A N/A Intentional Attack 1 $24,000,000 N/A Landslides' 19 $3,206,000 $0 Lightning2 8 $513,379 $0 Severe Wind' Strong Wind 7 $35,500 $9,747 Thunderstorm Wind 32 $14,000 Severe Winter Weather' Blizzard 3 N/A N/A Extreme Cold/Wind Chill 1 N/A Heavy Snow 178 N/A Ice Storm 1 N/A Winter Storm 441 N/A Winter Weather 939 N/A Transportation Incidents Auto' 14,700 N/A N/A Aviation$ 49 N/A Rail9 30 $16,421,960 Hazardous Materials Release'0,12 87 $1,044,567 26 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary Hazard Type Number of property Damage' Crop Damage' Events • • �•• • $63,232, •0. 1 — NCEI, 1996 — May 2023" 2 — SHELDUS, 1960 — 202128 3 — Stanford University, 1890 — September 202329 4 — University of Maryland, 1970-2020.30 Eagle County Planning Team 5 — NCEI, 1895 — September 202331 6 — U. S. Forest Service, 1992 — 202032 7 — Colorado Department of Transportation, 2010 — 202233 8 — National Transportation Safety Board, 1962 — September 202331 9 — Federal Railroad Administration, 1975 — July 202338 10 — Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, 1971 — 202231 11 — Colorado Avalanche Information Center, 2010 — 202331 12 — Colorado State Patrol, 2013 — 202338 Table 12: County Risk Assessment OccurrencePrevious Events/Years of Probability Likely Extent Avalanche" RecordHazard 10/1471% D1-D5 Droughts 551/1,545 months 36% D1-D4 Some inundation of Floods: 19/27 Floods: 70% structures (5% of structures) Floods' 3 Dam Failure: 4/133 Dam Failure: 3% and roads near streams. Some evacuations of people may be necessary Intentional Attack 1/51 2% Varies by event Landslides' 11/27 41% Varies by event Lightning' 61/61 100% Varies by event Severe Wind' 13/27 48% Avg: 65 mph Range: 52-92 mph 27 National Centers for Environmental Information. May 2023. "Storm Events Database'. https://www.ncdc. noaa.gov/stormgvents/choosedates. isp?statefips=8%2CCOLORADO. 28 Arizona State University. 2021. "Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States". httos://sheldus.asu.edu/SHELDUS/. 29 Stanford University. September 2023. "National Performance of Dams Program: Dam Incident Database." http://npdp.stanford.edu/dam_ incidents. 30 University of Maryland and National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Response to Terrorism. 1970-2020. "Global Terrorism Database". httos://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/. 31 National Centers for Environmental Information. 1895-Sept 2023. "County Time Series". https://www.ncei. noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/county/time-series/CO-037/pdsi/all/9/1895- 2023?base ord=true&begbasevear=1901&endbasevear=2000. 32 U.S. Forest Service. 2022. "Spatial Wildfire Occurrence Data for the United States, 1992-2020". htti)s://www.fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/catalog/RDS-2013-0009.6. 33 Colorado Department of Transportation. 2010-2022. "Colorado Crash Data Dashboard". httos://tableau.state.co.us/t/CDOT/views/CDOTCrashSummaryAVtestver2 0/StatewideSummarv?%3Aorigin=card share link&%3Aembed =v&%3AisGuestRedirectFromVizportal=v. 34 National Transportation Safety Board. 1962-September 2023. "Aviation Accident Database'. https://www.ntsb.gov/Pages/AviationQuervV2.aspx. 35 Federal Railroad Administration. 1975-July 2023. "Summary of Train Accidents with Reportable Damage, Casualties, and Major Causes". httos://safetvdata.fra.dot.gov/OfficeofSafety/publicsite/queryfTrainAccidentDamage.aspx. 36 Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. 1971-2022. "Incident Statistics: Colorado". https://www.i)hmsa.dot.gov/hazmat-program-management-data-and-statistics/data-operations/incident-statistics. 37 Colorado Avalanche Information Center. 2023. "Colorado Avalanche Accidents". https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/colorado. 38 Colorado State Patrol. 2013-2023. Direct Communication. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 27 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary Occurrence Approximate Annual Hazard RecordPrevious Events/Years of Probability Likely Extent 15°-30° below zero (wind Severe Winter 27/27 100% chill) Weather' 2-24 snow Auto: 13/13 Auto: 100% Transportation Aviation:33/61 Aviation:54% Inc iden ts7,s,9,10,'Z Rail: 20/48 Rail: 42% Varies by event Hazardous Material Hazardous Material Release:11/11 Release: 100% Avg 28.4 acres Wildfires 1,447/29 100% Homes and structures in the WUI at risk 1— NCEI, 1996 — May 2023" 2 — SHELDUS, 1960 — 202140 3 — Stanford University, 1890 — September 202341 4 —University of Maryland, 1970-2020.42 Eagle County Planning Team 5 — NCEI, 1895 — September 202343 6 — U.S. Forest Service, 1992 — 202044 7 — Colorado Department of Transportation, 2010 — 202245 8 — National Transportation Safety Board, 1962 — September 202346 9 — Federal Railroad Administration, 1975 — July 202347 10 — Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, 1971 — 202248 11— Colorado Avalanche Information Center, 2010 — 202341 12 — Colorado State Patrol, 2013 — 202350 39 National Centers for Environmental Information. May 2023. "Storm Events Database". https://www. ncdc. noaa.gov/stormevents/choosedates. iso?statefir)s=8°/`2CCOLORADO. 40 Arizona State University. 2021. "Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States". https://sheldus.asu.edu/SHELDUS/. 41 Stanford University. September 2023. "National Performance of Dams Program: Dam Incident Database." http://npdp.stanford.edu/dam-incidents. 42 University of Maryland and National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Response to Terrorism. 1970-2020. "Global Terrorism Database". hffps://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/. 43 National Centers for Environmental Information. 1895-Sept 2023. "County Time Series". https://www. ncei. noaa. gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-g lance/cou nty/time-series/CO-037/pdsi/all/9/1895- 2023?base prd=true&begbasevear=1901&endbaseyear=2000. 44 U.S. Forest Service. 2022. "Spatial Wildfire Occurrence Data for the United States, 1992-2020". https://www.fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/catalog/RDS-2013-0009.6. 45 Colorado Department of Transportation. 2010-2022. "Colorado Crash Data Dashboard". htti)s://tableau.state.co.us/t/CDOT/views/CDOTCrashSummarvAVtestver2 0/StatewideSummarv?%3Aorigin=card share link&%3Aembed =v&%3AisGuestRedirectFromVizportal=v. 46 National Transportation Safety Board. 1962-September 2023. "Aviation Accident Database". his://www.ntsb.gov/Pages/AviationQuervV2.asi)x. 47 Federal Railroad Administration. 1975-July 2023. "Summary of Train Accidents with Reportable Damage, Casualties, and Major Causes". hftps://safetvdata.fra.dot.gov/OfficeofSafety/publicsite/guerv/TrainAccidentDamage.aspx. 48 Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. 1971-2022. 'Incident Statistics: Colorado'. https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat-program-management-data-and-statistics/data-operations/incident-statistics. 49 Colorado Avalanche Information Center. 2023. "Colorado Avalanche Accidents". https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/colorado. 50 Colorado State Patrol. 2013-2023. Direct Communication. 28 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary FEMA's National Risk Index is an online tool that analyzes natural hazard and community risk factors to develop a risk measurement for each county in the United States. Eighteen natural hazards are given a score from very high to very low. The table below gives the National Risk Index ratings for Eagle County. Risk Index scores are calculated using an equation that combines scores for expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. All values fall between 0 (lowest possible value) and 100 (highest possible value). Table 13: National Risk Index Hazard Avalanche Eagle County Very High 94.7 Coastal Flooding Not Applicable Cold Wave Very Low 27.9 Drought Very Low 22.2 Earthquake Very Low 60.0 Hail Relatively Low 69.0 Heat Wave No Rating 0.0 Hurricane Not Applicable Ice Storm Relatively Low 49.3 Landslide Relatively Moderate 94.7 Lightning Relatively Moderate 83.5 Riverine Flooding Relatively Low 50.6 Strong Wind Very Low 3.6 Tornado Very Low 16.0 Tsunami Not Applicable Volcanic Activity Not Applicable Wildfire Relatively Low 65.0 Winter Weather Very Low 4.0 Overall Score Very Low 32.01 Source: FEMA5' Presidential Disaster Declarations Presidential disaster declarations by county are available via FEMA from 1953 to October 2023. The following table describes the presidential disaster declarations within the county for the period of record. Eagle County has received nine presidential disaster declarations. Table 14: Presidential Disaster Declarations 51 FEMA. 'The National Risk Index". Accessed September 2023. https://hazards.fema.gov/nri/map. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 29 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary Disaster Declaration Number 3224 Declaration Date 9/5/2005 Title Hurricane Katrina Evacuation Incident Type Coastal Storm 5249 7/4/2018 Lake Christine Fire Fire 3436 3/13/2020 Covid-19 Biological 4498 3/28/2020 Covid-19 Pandemic Biological 5334 1 8/19/2020 1 Grizzly Creek Fire Fire Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1953-October 202352 USDA Secretarial Disasters Several U.S. Department of Agriculture Secretarial Disasters for Eagle County have occurred since 2012. Table 15 lists these disaster events. All of the disasters were caused by drought. Table 15: 2012 USDA Secretarial Disasters 2012-2023 DeclarationYear Type Drought S3260 2013 Drought S3456 2013 Drought S3548 2013 Drought S3575 2018 Drought S4336 2018 Drought S4352 2018 Drought S4386 2019 Drought S4468 2019 Drought S4481 2020 Drought S4648 2020 Drought S4755 2020 Drought S4770 2020 Drought S4775 2021 Drought S4917 2022 Drought S5147 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2003-202153 State Emergency Declarations From 1980 to 2023, there have been 21 emergency declarations from Colorado governors for events that impacted Eagle County. The table below shows all the declarations, the year they occurred, the hazard, and locations affected. Table 16: State Emerqencv Declarations Delta, Dolores, Hinsdale, Saguache, Mesa, 1984 Flooding Montrose, Moffat, Rio Blanco, Pitkin, San Miguel, Oura , Eagle, Gunnison Counties 1994 Wildfires Statewide 2002 Wildfires Statewide 2002 Drought Statewide 2003 Sinkhole Interstate 70, Eagle County 52 Federal Emergency Management Agency. October 2023. "Disaster Declarations". htti)s://www.fema.gov/oi)enfema-data- page/disaster-declarations-summaries-v2. 53 U.S Department of Agriculture. 2023. "Disaster Designation Information" https://www.fsa.usda.gov/programs-and- services/disaster-assistance-prop ram/disaster-designation-information/index. 30 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary Year 2003 Type Snow Emergency Location Affected Statewide 2009 Severe Blizzard Statewide 2009 Severe Spring Snowstorm Statewide 2013 Winter Storm Statewide 2017 Wildfire Statewide 2018 Wildfire Statewide 2018 Wildfire Statewide 2018 Drought 40 Counties(Including Eagle Count 2020 COVID-19 Statewide 2020 Wildfire Garfield, Eagle Counties 2020 Wildfire Statewide 2021 Severe Winter Weather Statewide 2021 Burn Scar Flooding, Mudslides, Rockslides Garfield, Larimer, Eagle, Grand, Routt, Rio Blanco, Pitkin Counties 2022 Avian Influenza Statewide 2022 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Statewide 2023 Extreme Cold Statewide Source: State of Colorado, 1980-202354 Hazard Profiles Information from participating jurisdictions was collected and reviewed alongside hazard occurrence, magnitude, and event narratives as provided by local, state, and federal databases. Profiles for each identified hazard in the plan were created to examine their risk and potential impact in Eagle County. These full profiles can be found in Appendix A: Full Risk Assessment. Hazards of local concern or events which have deviated from the norm are discussed in greater detail in each respective participant profile (see Section Eight: Participant Profiles of this plan). Local planning teams prioritized hazards of concern from the county hazard list based on historical hazard occurrences, potential impacts, and local capabilities. The table below lists the participants along with their prioritized hazards of concern. It is important to note that while a jurisdiction may not have selected a specific hazard as prioritized, hazard events can impact any jurisdiction at any time and their selection is not a full indication of risk. 54 Colorado Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management. 2023. "Colorado Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023-2028". https:Hdrive.google.com/file/d/lMPLOOiy-yZYD[MzjTvYkRl2s35FzG-G8/view. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 31 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary • Town of X X X X Gypsum Town of X X X X X Minturn Town of Red X X X X Cliff Town of Vail X X X X X X Basalt Library X X District Basalt Sanitation X X X X District Berry Creek X Metro District Cordillera Metro X X X X District Eagle County Paramedic X X X Services Eagle County X X X School District Eagle River Fire Protection X X X District Eagle River Water & X X X X X Sanitation District Eagle Vail Metropolitan X X X District Eagle Valley X X X Library District Eagle Valley Transportation X X X X Authority Greater Eagle Fire Protection X X X X X X District Gypsum Fire Protection X X X X District Mountain Recreation X X X X X Metropolitan District 32 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 3.1 Section Five I Risk Assessment Summary This Page Is Intentionally Blank 34 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Six: Mitigation Strategy The primary focus of the mitigation strategy is to identify action items to reduce the effects of hazards on existing infrastructure and property based on the established goals and objectives of the hazard mitigation plan. These actions should consider the most cost effective and technically feasible options to address risk. The development of the mitigation strategy for this plan update includes the addition of new mitigation actions, updated status or removal of past mitigation actions, and revisions to descriptions for consistency across Eagle County. After establishing the goals, the local planning teams evaluated mitigation and strategic actions. These actions included: the mitigation and strategic actions identified by each participating jurisdiction in the previous plan and additional actions discussed during the update planning process. The Eagle County Planning Team provided each participant a link to the FEMA Mitigation Ideas document to be used as a starting point to review a wide range of potential mitigation actions. Participants were also encouraged to think of actions that may need FEMA grant assistance and to review their hazard prioritization section for potential mitigation and strategic actions. Members of the Eagle County Planning Team were also available to help local jurisdictions identify additional action alternatives. These suggestions helped participants determine which actions would best assist their respective jurisdiction in alleviating damage in the event of a disaster. Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 3) Section Six I Mitigation Strategy During the update of previous identified actions and the identification of new actions, local planning teams prioritized each identified mitigation and strategic action as high, medium, or low. The listed priority rating does not indicate which actions will be implemented first. Generally, high priority actions either address a major concern for the jurisdiction, have few to no challenges in implementation, and/or garner large support from the public and administration. Low priority actions either address a minor concern for the jurisdiction, have many challenges in implementation, and/or may not have support from the public or administration at this time. Medium priority actions may only have one or two of the items listed above. A mitigation and strategic action's priority may change very quickly as circumstances change. The mitigation and strategic actions are the core of a hazard mitigation plan. The local planning teams were instructed that each hazard identified in the plan must have an action that addresses it. Mitigation and strategic actions were evaluated based on referencing the community's risk assessment and capability assessment. Jurisdictions were encouraged to choose actions that were realistic and relevant to the concerns identified. It is important to note that not all the mitigation and strategic actions identified by a jurisdiction may ultimately be implemented due to limited capabilities, prohibitive costs, low benefit -cost ratio, or other concerns. These factors may not be identified during this planning process. Additionally, some jurisdictions may identify and pursue additional mitigation actions not identified in this hazard mitigation plan. Mitigation and strategic actions identified by participants of the HMP are found in the Mitigation and Strategic Actions Matrix in Appendix D: Mitigation Strategy. Additional information about selected actions can be found in the participant profiles in Section Eight: Participant Profiles. Each action includes the following information in the respective community profile. • Action: General title of the action item. • Description: Brief summary of what the action item(s) will accomplish. • Hazard(s) Addressed: Which hazard the mitigation action aims to address. • Estimated Cost: General cost estimate for implementing the mitigation action for the appropriate jurisdiction. • Local Funding: A list of any potential local funding mechanisms to fund the action. • Timeline: General timeline as established by planning participants. • Priority: General description of the importance and workability in which an action may be implemented (high/medium/low). • Lead agency: Listing of agencies or departments which may lead or oversee the implementation of the action item. • Status: A description of what has been done, if anything, to implement the action item. Implementation of the actions will vary between individual plan participants based upon the availability of existing information; funding opportunities and limitations; and administrative capabilities of communities. Establishing a cost -benefit analysis is beyond the scope of this plan and could potentially be completed prior to submission of a project grant application or as part of a five-year update. Completed, removed, kept, and new mitigation actions for each participating jurisdiction can be found in Section Eight: Participant Profiles. 36 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Seven: Plan Implementation and Maintenance Each participating jurisdiction in the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan will be responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and updating the plan during its five-year lifespan. Hazard mitigation projects will be prioritized by each participant's governing body with support and suggestions from the public and business owners. Each local planning team will be responsible for plan maintenance, the frequency of review, and how the public will be involved. This information can be found in each participant's profile under the Local Planning Team section. During the review, the local planning team can report on the effectiveness of the hazard mitigation plan, the status of projects and include which implementation processes worked well, any difficulties encountered, how coordination efforts are proceeding, and which strategies could be revised. In addition, each local planning team will be responsible for ensuring that the plan's goals are incorporated into applicable revisions of their jurisdiction's relevant planning documents. The hazard mitigation plan will also consider any changes in planning documents and incorporate the information accordingly in its next update. Appendix F: Guide to Review and Update the Hazard Mitigation Plan may also be used to assist with plan updates. The FEMA required update of this plan will occur at least every five years, to reduce the risk of the plan expiring. Updates may be incorporated more frequently, especially in the event of a major hazard. Eagle County will start meetings to discuss mitigation plan updates at least nine months prior to the deadline for completing the plan update. The Eagle County Emergency Management Department will review the goals and objectives of the previous plan and evaluate them to determine whether they are still pertinent and current. Among other criteria, they may want to consider the following. Do the goals and objectives address current and expected conditions? If any of the recommended projects have been completed, did they have the desired impact on the goal for which they were identified? If not, what was the reason it was not Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 3 Section Seven I Plan Implementation and Maintenance successful (lack of funds/resources, lack of political/popular support, underestimation of the amount of time needed, etc.)? • Have either the nature, magnitude, and/or type of risks changed? • Are there implementation problems? • Are current resources appropriate to implement the plan? • Were the outcomes as expected? • Did the plan partners participate as originally planned? • Are there other agencies which should be included in the revision process? If deemed necessary, a private consulting firm or individual will be hired to help facilitate the plan update process. To ensure continued plan support and input from the public and stakeholders, public involvement should remain a top priority for each participating jurisdiction. Every participant identified ways the public will be involved in the update process. These ways can be found in the individual participant profiles in Section Eight: Participant Profiles. The following list below shows common ways participants will involve the public in the updated process. • Social Media • Websites • Board/Council Meetings • Meeting Minutes • Email • Press Releases If new, innovative mitigation options arise that could impact Eagle County or elements of this plan, which are determined to be of importance, a plan amendment may be proposed and considered separate from the annual review and other proposed plan amendments. Eagle County, as the plan sponsor, provides an opportunity for jurisdictions to compile proposed amendments and send them to the Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, and subsequently to FEMA, for a plan amendment. Such amendments should include all applicable information for each proposal including description of changes, identified funding, responsible agencies, etc. The Eagle County Planning Team utilized a variety of plan integration tools to help communities determine how their existing planning mechanisms were related to the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Utilizing FEMA's Integrating the Local Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into a Community's Comprehensive Plan55 guidance, as well as FEMA's 2015 Plan Integration51 guide, each jurisdiction engaged in a plan integration discussion. This discussion was facilitated by a Plan Integration Worksheet or set of questions, created by the Eagle County Planning Team. This 55 Federal Emergency Management Agency. November 2013. "FEMA Region X Integrating the Local Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan into a Community's Comprehensive Plan". hfti)s://www.fema.00v/sites/default/files/2020-07/inteoratino-hazard- mitigation-local-plan.0f. 56 Federal Emergency Management Agency. July 2015. "Plan Integration: Linking Local Planning Efforts." https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/fema-plan-integration 7-1-2015.pdf. 38 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Seven I Plan Implementation and Maintenance offered an easy way for participants to notify the Eagle County Planning Team of existing planning mechanisms, and if they interface with the hazard mitigation plan. Each jurisdiction referenced all relevant existing planning mechanisms and provided information on how these did or did not address hazards and vulnerability. Summaries of plan integration are found in each individual Participant Profile. For jurisdictions that lack existing planning mechanisms, especially smaller communities, the plan may be used as a guide for future activity and development in the jurisdiction. Figure 6: First Responders at an Emergency Incident Source: Eagle County Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 39 Section Seven I Plan Implementation and Maintenance This Page Is Intentionally Blank 40 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 Section Eight: Participant Profiles Participant profiles contain information specific to jurisdictions participating in the Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan planning effort. Participant profiles were developed with the intention of highlighting each jurisdiction's unique characteristics that affect its vulnerability to hazards. These profiles may serve as a short reference of identified vulnerabilities and mitigation actions for a jurisdiction as they implement the mitigation plan. Information from individual jurisdictions was collected at public and one-on-one meetings and used to establish their section of the plan. Participant profiles may include the following elements: • Location Map • Local Planning Team • Capability Assessment • Plans and Studies • Future Development Trends • Community Lifelines • Hazard Prioritization and Mitigation Strategy Individual participant profiles can be found in the Eagle County and Community Appendix or Special Districts Appendix. The location of the profiles is given below. Eagle County and Community Appendix Eagle County Town of Avon Town of Eagle Town of Gypsum Town of Minturn Town of Red Cliff Town of Vail Special Distristricts Appendix Basalt Library District Basalt Sanitation District Berry Creek Metro District Cordillera Metro District Eagle County Paramedic Services Eagle County School District Eagle River Fire Protection District Eagle River Water & Sanitation District Eagle Vail Metropolitan District Eagle Valley Library District Eagle Valley Transportation Authority Greater Eagle Fire Protection District Gypsum Fire Protection District Mountain Recreation Metropolitan District Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025 41 Section Eight I Participant Profiles Roaring Fork Fire Rescue Authority Vail Recreation District 42 Eagle County Hazard Mitigation Plan 12025